Kerosene expertise

Lighting kerosene

One of the types of hydrocarbons is kerosene - a liquid product of oil refining, which differs in that it is produced by distilling oil. Another method of obtaining is hydrotreating from sulphurous oil. There are several types of it:

• aviation, which is used as fuel for air-jet and other types of engines;
• lighting or household - it is used as a lighting liquid;
• technical - used as a means for dissolving varnishes, etc.

Since its inception at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, this product has been used as the first diesel fuel. It is used to this day in this capacity, remaining one of the best types of fuel for high-speed engines. At the same time, little diesel fuel is produced in the form of kerosene, so it is in short supply. To increase the resources of diesel fuels, they take gas oil-diesel fractions, which are a mixture with heavier oil fractions.

Previously, the only type used in the national economy was the lighting product, it was also used for refueling tractors, and was provided by the technical standards for literally everything. Today there are many more brands and types. There are those that are produced from paraffinic oil, there is one that is made as a mixture of kerosene and gasoline fractions.

Lighting kerosene is used today mainly for its intended purpose, including pyronaft - it is used in places of high temperature.

Physicochemical properties of kerosene

Aviation kerosene differs from technical and domestic kerosene in its special low-temperature properties, stability to thermal oxidation, high specific heat of combustion and antiwear properties. The high requirements are explained by the fact that jet fuel is used as a fuel, a coolant and an element for lubricating parts in aircraft.

Its physical and chemical properties are associated with the method of its production by refining and cracking of petroleum products. It is a colorless or light brown hydrocarbon mixture, which boils away at t100-320 C and has a viscosity of 1.2 - 4.5 mm2 / s; density 0.775 - 0.850 g / cm3; flash point 28 ..... 72 C; calorific value of 42.9 - 43.1 MJ / kg; CPV -1.2 - 8.0%.

The composition is determined by the method of oil refining, but in general, any type consists of hydrocarbons of general types in different proportions:

• limiting actual hydrocarbons - 20-60%;
• naphthenic - 20-50;
• aromatic bicyclic - 5-20;
• unsaturated - 2.

In addition, the composition may contain paraffins and other substances. The physical properties of kerosene depend on the chemical composition. Thus, the presence of paraffins reduces the intensity of light, since they are deposited by crystals on the wick. Haze characterizes its ability to operate at low temperatures. The ability to ignite from an ignition source depends on the concentration limit of ignition. The neutralization of free acids depends on the acid number or acidity (neutralization number). Depending on the composition, the indices of kerosene distillates, their density and boiling point also differ.

General indicators and standards for fuels and lubricants

The prices are approved by the director of LLC "In Consulting" 02.11.2024. Deadlines are indicated in working days

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